Endocrine Abstracts

Background: During Covid-19 pandemic, we recognised the importance of optimising adrenal insufficient patients’ ability to manage adrenal crisis and seek medical intervention thereby reducing the need for more intensive support. Evidence suggests omission of steroids during an adrenal crisis is a medical emergency and can be fatal. Research by National Reporting Learning System (2020) identified 4 deaths, 4 admissions to critical care, 320 incidents relating to steroid re...

Background: We describe a patient with 46XX ovotesticular difference of sex development (DSD) due to 46XX/69XXY gonadal mixoploidy, also an NR5A1 variant, who developed severe early-onset obesity and subsequently a pathogenic MC4R variant was identified.Case Presentation: A term Caucasian baby weighing 3.64kg with non-consanguineous parents presented with atypical genitalia (Prader Stage 2-3) with clitoromegaly, perineal urethral openin...

Background: Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide analogue recently approved for use in children and young people for treating obesity. It is recommended for use within multidisciplinary weight management services, alongside dietetic and lifestyle interventions, in children over 12 years with severe obesity.Aim: To describe our experiences of using liraglutide in a tier 3 paediatric obesity service in a patient cohort who had previously failed to succes...

Pregnancy is characterised by profound changes in maternal physiology. For instance, there are changes in the metabolic, cardiovascular, immune and renal systems of the mother which enable her to support fetal nutrient supply and growth. These changes are signalled in part by the production of protein hormones by the placenta (Napso et al., 2018). Failures in maternal adaptation and placental function lead to pregnancy complications such as abnormal birth weight and g...

Objective: Incidentally discovered adrenal masses (‘incidentalomas’) are found in 2% of the population. Adrenalectomy is necessary only in a small proportion of such subjects as outlined by the relevant ESE/ENSAT guideline1. However, uncertainty exists over the need for removal of lesions between 4 and 6 cm and those with low lipid content on CT scanning (found in 20% of benign adenomas). Our centre tends to offer surgery for all adenomas >4 cm.<p ...

Background: Accurate early risk prediction for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) would target intervention and prevention in women at the highest risk. We evaluated maternal risk factors and parameters of body composition to develop a prediction model for GDM in early gestation.Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken. Pregnant women aged between 18–50 y of age with gestational age between 10–16 weeks were included in ...

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasing problem worldwide. Post-natal-hypoglycaemia and excess-foetal-growth are known important metabolic complications of neonates born to women with diabetes. This retrospective-cohort-study aims to determine the influence of obesity and glucose-intolerance on neonatal-hypoglycaemia and birth-weight over the 90th percentile (LGA).Methods: Data were abstracted from 303 patient medical records f...

Background: Globally, birth-weights are increasing progressively. Birth-weights large for gestational age (LGA) defined as ≥90th centile are linked to increased delivery complications, and adiposity in the neonate. This has been linked to glucose intolerance and CVD later in life. Oversupply of nutrients in utero contribute to excess foetal growth, and maternal obesity may contribute to this rise. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between para...

Introduction: It is recognised that osteocytes, by secreting sclerostin plays a more central role in bone homeostasis. Sclerostin is a physiological inhibitor of bone formation. By binding to the LRP5/6 receptor sclerostin inhibits the Wnt signalling pathway. A cross-sectional study was undertaken to ascertain whether an endogenous sclerostin circadian rhythm exists in healthy individuals.Subjects and methods: Six healthy young men with normal BMD were a...

Introduction: Osteotropic hormones demonstrate circadian rhythms which are integral to bone homeostasis. Sclerostin is a physiological inhibitor of bone formation. We have established that Sclerostin has a distinct circadian rhythm with a nocturnal peak. Analysis was performed to determine the relationship of Sclerostin levels to PTH, Calcium, Phosphate, βCTX and P1NP in healthy young men.Methods: Six healthy young men with normal BMD were admitted ...